Hybrid Model for Forecasting Indoor CO2 Concentration
Author(s): |
Ki Uhn Ahn
Deuk-Woo Kim Kyungjoo Cho Dongwoo Cho Hyun Mi Cho Chang-U Chae |
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Medium: | journal article |
Language(s): | English |
Published in: | Buildings, 20 September 2022, n. 10, v. 12 |
Page(s): | 1540 |
DOI: | 10.3390/buildings12101540 |
Abstract: |
Indoor CO₂ concentration is considered a metric of indoor air quality that affects the health of occupants. In this study, a hybrid model was developed for forecasting the varying indoor CO₂ concentration levels in a residential apartment unit in the presence of occupants by controlling the ventilation rates of a heat recovery ventilator. In this model, the mass balance equation for a single zone as a white-box model was combined with a Bayesian neural network (BNN) as a black box model. During the learning process of the hybrid model, the BNN estimated an aggregated unknown ventilation rate and transferred the estimation to the mass-balance equation. A parametric study was conducted by changing the prediction horizons of the hybrid model from 5 to 15 min, and the forecasting performance of the hybrid model was compared with the stand-alone mass balance equation. The hybrid model showed better forecasting performance than that of the mass balance equation on the experimental dataset for a living room and bedroom. The average MBE and CVRMSE of the hybrid model for the prediction horizon of 15 min were 0.65% and 5.23%, respectively, whereas those of the mass balance equation were 0.99% and 9.30%, respectively. |
Copyright: | © 2022 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
License: | This creative work has been published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) license which allows copying, and redistribution as well as adaptation of the original work provided appropriate credit is given to the original author and the conditions of the license are met. |
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10700040 - Published on:
11/12/2022 - Last updated on:
10/05/2023