Design and integration of textile-based temperature sensors for smart textile applications

Wearable technology is now frequently utilized to check people’s health. Body temperature measurements needed for telemedicine and real-time health monitoring applications can be taken with wearable temperature sensors. The goal of this work was to create thermocouples made of textiles for use in smart textile applications, particularly temperature monitoring in outfield uniforms. The thermocouples were created using metal wire and conductive yarns; however, metal-based thermocouples were only created for reference. In these studies, three junction levels and three distinct materials were used, and the Seebeck coefficient for these samples was examined. A four-probe heating system coupled with a multimeter was used to calculate the Seebeck coef-ficient. Results show that the cotton-based conductive yarn thermo-couple with stainless steel yarn (C + SS2) junction performed well with the best Seebeck coefficient value. The thermocouple values with one, five, and ten junctions were sequentially 167.56 µv °C⁻¹, 227.30 µv °C⁻¹, and 267.54 µv °C⁻¹. After the integration, ten junction thermocouples of C + SS2 showed the best Seebeck coefficient values.