Study on the Spatially Variable Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Deformation Behavior of Accumulation Reservoir Landslide Based on Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Survey

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s) is spatially variable in accumulation landslide sites that exert significant effort onto landslide seepage and deformation behavior. To better understand spatial variability and the effect ofK_son the slide mass of an accumulation landslide, this study introduced the surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) technology to study a representative reservoir accumulation landslide field in the Three Gorges Reservoir area (TGRA), the Baishuihe landslide, to obtain a series of relative reliable spatial measurements ofK_seffectively on the basis of calibration in terms of the field tests measurements. The estimatedK_svalues were distributed log-normally for the overall landslide mass site with a wide range of 3.00 × 10⁻⁶∼7.80 × 10⁻³ cm/s, which reaches about 3 orders of magnitude. Variogram analysis indicated that theK_svalues have the range (A) of 295.89 m and 65.56 m for the overall site and major cross-sectional analysis, respectively. A finite-element seepage-stress analysis associated with a Kriging-interpolated spatialK_svariable calculation model based on the best-fitted theoretical variogram was subsequently performed to study the seepage and deformation behavior of the landslide. The available monitored data and simulated results of the finite-element seepage-stress analysis indicated that the Baishuihe landslide is a progressive landslide, and the main factor influencing the deformation is rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation. This study provides an unconventional framework for studying the heterogeneous geomaterial and contributes to a better understanding of the spatial variation of the hydraulic property of accumulation reservoir landslides at a field scale.

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