Study on the Performance of Phase-Change Self-Regulating Permeable Asphalt Pavement

Under low-temperature conditions in winter, asphalt pavement is prone to cracking, icing and other distresses, which affect its safety and comfort. Therefore, by incorporating phase-change materials into asphalt and conducting relevant performance studies, the aim is to alleviate low-temperature distress and regulate road surface temperature and expand the application of phase-change materials in asphalt pavement. We mixed the selected phase-change materials with different dosages into the matrix asphalt to prepare phase-change temperature-regulating asphalt and tested the four basic indicators: road performance, latent heat characteristics, temperature-regulating performance, and rheological properties of phase-change asphalt and its mixture. The research results indicate that with the increase in phase-change material content, the penetration, softening point, ductility, and dynamic viscosity of phase-change high-viscosity asphalt gradually increase. Under the constant temperature test conditions of −2.5 °C and −5 °C, the surface icing speed of asphalt binder specimens mixed with phase-change materials is slower than that of specimens without phase-change materials. Adding phase-change materials can improve the high-temperature and low-temperature PG grading of high-viscosity asphalt, effectively improving its high-temperature rutting resistance and low-temperature cracking performance. According to the temperature regulation test results, phase-change temperature-regulating asphalt has a certain regulating effect on temperature under low-temperature conditions, which can slow down the cooling rate of asphalt, reduce the thermal conductivity of permeable asphalt mixture by more than 50%, increase the temperature regulation rate by more than 30%, and improve the ice-melting and snow-melting ability by more than 20%. Phase-change materials have almost no effect on the porosity of permeable asphalt mixtures and can effectively improve the water stability, low-temperature crack resistance, and antiflying performance of permeable asphalt mixtures. Their Marshall stability and rutting stability decrease, but still meet the requirements of the specifications. Applying phase-change materials to permeable asphalt pavement can automatically adjust the temperature of the pavement, reduce the cooling rate of the asphalt pavement during cooling, alleviate the problem of snow and ice accumulation on the asphalt pavement in winter, and thereby improve the performance of permeable asphalt pavement against freeze–thaw cycles.

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