A Study on Predicting the Movement of Columns in Hanok Architecture Using the UMAP and DBSCAN Algorithms

A hanok is a traditional Korean house built with wood as the main structural material. It is constructed using cross- and unidirectional joint techniques without the use of steel. A hanok is composed of vertical and horizontal members, with columns being the most important vertical members and Daedeulbo being the most important horizontal member. As a cultural heritage structure, a hanok is often deformed due to damage to the wood over the years. In particular, the building beginning to lean is a typical example. Depending on the extent of damage, hanoks are repaired through partial or complete dismantling, but the same phenomenon recurs in many hanoks even after repair. In this study, 69 hanoks with well-documented records were selected to build a building column arrangement DB, column movement DB, and building attribute DB. The constructed DB was optimized in two dimensions by utilizing the features of each element with the UMAP algorithm and then clustered using the DBSCAN algorithm. Using this method, the movement of one column was analyzed individually, and the movement of two, three, and four columns was analyzed in groups, considering the characteristics of a hanok. As a result, similar patterns of column movement were found in hanoks with similar shapes. It was also possible to identify vulnerable locations according to the direction of column movement, and it was found that the deterioration of the joining strength of horizontal members affects the movement of columns.

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