Study on Deformation Response Law of Surrounding Rock in Solid Backfill Mining Stope

To fully control the roof and surface and reduce the ecological damage caused by mining, it is necessary to understand the deformation response law of the surrounding rock in solid backfill mining. The similarities and differences of overburden movement characteristics between natural caving method and solid backfill method are analyzed and compared by means of on-site investigation and monitoring, theoretical derivation and analysis, numerical simulation and effect verification. The control mechanism of backfill mining on the roof is clarified, and the relationship between stope roof displacement and support pressure of backfill body is established. Furthermore, the mechanical conditions of immediate roof in equilibrium state during backfill mining are established. The FLAC3D simulation indicates that the solid backfill mining face has a concentrated stress peak located 15 m ahead of the coal wall. Within the range from 0 to 5 m, the abutment pressure is reduced gradually. However, within the range from 5 to 15 m, the abutment pressure is increased evidently. The stress concentration is located 35 m behind the working face. With continuous backfilling of the goaf, the maximum displacement occurs in the backfill body near the working face. The total deformation of the surrounding rock in the goaf is reduced by 58%. The total deformation of coal wall is reduced by ∼37.5%. The subsidence coefficient is reduced from 0.59 to 0.013 by using the backfill mining technology. The research results provide theoretical guidance and reference for roof control and ecological protection of backfill mining.