A Review of Strength Performance of Empty Fruit Bunch as Replacement Material in Building Structures

Recently, eco-friendly construction has become a hot topic. One of the concepts’ alternatives is the use of green natural resources. The oil palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) is a byproduct of the oil plantation, and its improper disposal can have a detrimental influence on the environment. Agricultural waste can be used as a replacement material in concrete, which is known as modified concrete. The material performance of modified concrete with partial waste material replacement must be comparable to that of ordinary concrete. As a result, the use of raw resources will be reduced indirectly, and the material will become a more sustainable construction material. This study presents the utilization of EFB natural fibre as an alternative building material. It demonstrates that research into employing EFB as alternative replacement material in concrete has yet to be discovered. EFB was primarily used to manufacture cement board, roof insulation, and cement bricks, among other things. As a result, future research should focus on expanding the use of these by-products in the building industry. Further research into the process of generating cost-effective adoption applications will be examined to build a sustainable environment by lowering negative environmental impact.