Pumped Storage Plants in Lowland Regions

The pumped storage plant has been used world-wide since the 1920s in areas where natural conditions are favourable. In flat coastal areas such as The Netherlands, this technique has not been used so far. Recent studies, however, have established the boundary conditions for economically viable applications in such locations. Plants should be as large as possible and secondary benefits, such as the storage of contaminated dredged material, should be explored where feasible.