Optimization of Bearing Structures Subject to Mechanical Safety: an Evolutionary Approach and Software

An approach to solving the urgent problem of optimizing the load-bearing structures of buildings and structures based on adapted genetic algorithms is presented. As a tool for finding a solution, iterative schemes are used, in which, in the classical approach to evolutionary modeling, a system of constraints is used that forms the operational requirements for reinforced concrete, steel and other structures. In this case, the value of the risk of material losses is used as one of the measures of the design optimality. This value is used to assess the feasibility of increasing the initial costs of manufacturing structures, taking into account the degree of their mechanical safety in case of emergency impacts. Groups of scenarios are considered as such impacts, including local damage to one or more load-bearing elements. A limitation is formed on the resistance to progressive collapse of the structure, which is interpreted as preventing large displacements and limiting deformations of certain parts or the structure as a whole. The magnitude of the risk is determined by a relative index determined as the ratio of the likely cost for damage from material loss to the initial cost of manufacturing the structure. The block diagrams that implement such iterative processes, information about the developed software and an example of optimization of the reinforced concrete supporting structure of the frame of an administrative multi-storey building are considered.