Ein neues Modell zur Simulation gekoppelter Wärmetransportprozesse bei Bränden

A new heat transfer model for coupled processes in fire simulations.

The application of numerical fire simulations to validate and to evaluate the propagation of fire and smoke is already a fundamental part of the preparation of fire protection or safety concepts, especially in the field of performance-based designs. Against this background, the GFPA-guideline [10] has been developed in the recent years, which describes and classifies the available possibilities, approaches and models as well as provides suitable support for their application. Those programs and models respectively have to provide reliable results on the one hand and have to be efficient on the other hand. Hence, a heat transfer model for coupled processes in fire simulations was developed, which is able to represent the process of convective heat transfer between the gas phase and the solid phase for both horizontal and vertical, plane surfaces and in particular pipe and duct flows on the one hand and the process of heat conduction within multidimensional problems on the other hand physically correct. In addition to this the model is able to reproduce corresponding results using numerical simulation. The model was optimized both physically, by considering the specific fire effects and characteristics, and numerically, by selecting adequate numerical methods, for the integrated usage within numerical fire simulations. It has a modular design, so it is suitable for integration into current and future fire simulation codes. Additionally, a basis was established with and within this model for a later expansion with appropriate pyrolysis models. For that, an interface is provided with the embedded source term on the one hand and the required multidimensional temperature fields are determined precisely by the model on the other hand. A for the completion and demonstration concluding necessary integration of the developed model into a state-of-the-art fire simulation code was exemplarily and successfully performed. Finally, the model was successfully applied amongst others to real fire tests in the context of nuclear facilities.