Netzdienlicher Betrieb von Gebäuden: Analyse und Vergleich netzbasierter Referenzgrößen und Definition einer Bewertungskennzahl

Grid-interactivity of buildings: analysis and comparison of grid based reference parameters and definition of an evaluation number.

The fraction of Renewables in the German energy system is rising quickly. As a consequence, not only the quantity of electricity consumption, but also the time profile of the electricity demand will be increasingly important in the future. Demand-Side-Management is more relevant than ever, also in the building sector. However, it is still uncertain what the requirements to "grid-interactive" electricity consumers are and how "grid-interactivity" can be measured quantitatively.
This work analyzes the German electricity mix of the year 2010 to 2013 in terms of the EEX Day-ahead price, the residual load, the cumulative energy consumption (KEV) as well as the fraction of Wind and PV in the electricity mix with respect to the seasonal and intraday structures of these quantities. The daily profiles of the EEX price and residual load suggest that electricity consumption should be shifted to the night hours between 1.30 a.m. and 4.00 a.m. To the contrary, in the noon hours between 12.30 p.m. and 2.30 p.m., the fraction of electricity from wind and photovoltaics in the electricity mix is about four times higher than at night and electricity production is roughly 20% less resource demanding in terms of the cumulative energy consumption.
Furthermore, a dimensionless number R is defined which allows a quantitative evaluation of the temporal structure of electricity consumption with respect to any consumer, observation period and grid-based reference quantity. The new number is applied to real monitoring data in an exemplary manner to show how it can complement the established performance indicators of energetic building analysis.