The Method of Local Automatic Control of Thermophysical Parameters of External Walls of Buildings at the Locations of Condensate Loss

Today the buildings of the 60-80th of the XX century do not satisfy to modern requirements for energy saving. The low value of the resistance to heat transfer leads overcooling of the wall surface in the cold period of the year and to overheating in the warm period. In addition, over the years of operation building envelopes subjected to numerous of climatic changes that were not envisaged in the design earlier. The lowering of microclimate parameters in the room negatively affects to the comfort and health of a person. As a result, the specific heat consumption for heating increases, the resistance to heat transfer decreases, and the thermal diffusivity increases. Therefore, a new method for calculating the actual value of the resistance to heat transfer is developed. The problem of providing sanitary and hygienic and thermophysical comfort conditions in the premises of the student hostel of the Volga State University of technology is also being solved. This occurs by controlling the temperature of the internal surface of the outer walls with a heating cable. Such a design will not only keep the difference between the wall surface temperature and the internal air temperature within the limits of the norm, but will also help to solve the problem of condensate precipitation by raising the temperature of the inner surface of the wall above the dew-point temperature. The developed technique takes into account the conditions of the heat transfer regime at a particular time, and also makes a correction to the final value of the design resistance. This makes the technique applicable for processing the results of field experiments and determining the actual resistance to heat transfer. Also results of field experimental researches of external walls of buildings are resulted and the scheme of laboratory installation is shown.