Identification of Key Risk Factors in Mechanical Cross Passage Construction Based on the Decision-Making Test and Evaluation Test Method and the Interpretation Structure Model

In order to solve the problem that the key risk factors in the construction of mechanical cross passages are relatively vague, the decision-making test and evaluation test method (DEMATEL) and the interpretation structure model (ISM) are combined to analyze safety risks in the construction of mechanical cross passages scientifically and reasonably. Based on the ‘personnel’, ‘material’, ‘machine’, ‘method’, and ‘environment’ of 4M1E comprehensive management, the construction safety risk index system of mechanical method cross passage, including 18 risk factors, is extracted. DEMATEL was used to divide the risk factors into four factor sets: strong cause, weak cause, strong result, and weak result. Furthermore, ISM is used to construct a hierarchical structure diagram of risk factors, and deep risk factors and risk factors with a high node degree are divided. The results show that the safety awareness of construction personnel, the safety technology level of construction personnel, the establishment and implementation of the safety construction system, the level of construction management, and the degree of geological complexity are strong cause-type risk factors with both high centrality and high causality. Additionally, the effect of reinforcement of the internal support system, the setting of the digging parameter, the effect of grouting, and the effect of assembling the pipe sheet comprise the strong result-type risk factors with high centrality. The risk factors with higher node degree in ISM are consistent with the risk factors with higher centrality in the DEMATEL model, which are key factors that play an important role in risk control.

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