Hygrothermische Bemessung von Gründächern - Modellentwicklung und praktische Anwendung

Hygrothermal design of green roofs - new models and practical application.

Despite challenging moisture control design issues - the German standard for moisture control excludes steady state diffusion methods from being used for vegetated roofs - green roofs have become very popular. Most frequently mentioned reasons are the attractive appearance and the improvement of the working - and living environment for the people. Therefore the percentage of green roofs among flat roofs shows a strong increase in the past years. But beside their advantages like cooling effect in the summer months, storage of rain water, protection of the roofing membrane or noise control, the application of green roofs - especially on wooden constructions - involves a certain risk of damage because of the low drying potential in the summer months. Within a research project a new model to calculate green roofs reliably by the help of hygrothermal simulations was established.
On the basis of existing and new measurements in Holzkirchen, Leipzig, Vienna, Kassel and Milan the specific surface transfer coefficients and the material properties of different substrates were determined. The models developed in this way provide to planners and manufacturers of building materials and constructions a reliable basis for the design of the moisture safety of extensive green roofs.
Based on these results general practice recommendations for wooden light-weight green roofs were worked out. For design purposes the limit value of 18 M.-% (e. g. according to the German DIN 68800) shouldn't be exceeded. Therefore an additional insulation above the exterior sheathing is often necessary. Without such an additional insulation layer moisture levels in the wooden structure may exceed safety limits within a couple of years. For existing, damage free buildings the need for action has to be determined individually.