High-cycle Fatigue in Concrete Through the Theory of Critical Distances: From Perspective of Water-cement Ratio

Water-cement ratio plays a unique role in concrete structures.  The uniqueness of evaluating concrete from the perspective of the water-cement ratio will be more obvious if the structure is being assessed down into its microscale level. It is important to realise that most dynamic concrete structures are hydro-related structures, and those structures need to be designed as detail as possible. Thus, the design of dynamic concrete structures has to incorporate accurate fatigue formulation and precise water-cement ratio variation effect. Currently, one of the most simplified yet accurate formulations proposed to run fatigue cases throughout a wide spectrum of scope is the Theory of Critical Distances (TCD). Therefore, the article reviews and discusses the precision of TCD towards the water-cement ratio perspective.