End-Plate Moment Connections- Their Use and Misuse

Up until about 1960, many field-bolted moment connections were of the split tee-stub type (Fig. 1). These connections were used in power house construction, in multistory office buildings and other structures where moment capacity was required between beams and columns. They served well, and thousands are still doing their duty reliably in some of our older structures. In later years, end plates have been set in place of the split tee-stub connections.