Design and construction of the Second Avenue subway project in New York / Entwurf und Bau der Second Avenue Subway in New York

The Second Avenue Subway Project is a major capital expansion project of the New York City subway that will provide a dedicated line for the east side of Manhattan. The project is approximately 13.7 km long including 16 stations, and its estimated cost is about 17 billion US-Dollar. Under the current design of the whole subway route, ten stations will be cut-and-cover and six mined caverns. The excavated diameter of the bored tunnels is 6.6 m and the caverns span ranges from 12 to 21 m. As the geology of Manhattan varies along its length, the subway will pass through both hard rock and soft ground and there will be multiple rock/soil interfaces along the alignment. This paper presents details of planning, design and construction of the first phase of Second Avenue Subway in the very dense urban environment of Manhattan.