3D images for data collection in tunnelling - applications and latest developments / 3D-Bilder für die Datenerfassung im Tunnelbau - Anwendung und aktuelle Entwicklungen

3D images combine geometric and visual data in a model that allows quick and easy inspection and interpretation on a computer. On-going improvements of digital cameras and algorithms in photogrammetry, in particular for simultaneous processing of large sets of overlapping photos to a single consistent 3D model, have led to several applications of 3D images in tunnelling. 3D images are now used on conventional tunnel construction sites for digital face documentation and tunnel face mapping. 3D images are also suitable in mechanised tunnelling for capturing usually occluded areas of the tunnel face and visualising them in three dimensions. Furthermore, 3D images are generated from aerial imagery for documentation and volumetric assessment of deposited tunnel excavation material.