Monitoring structural behavior of reinforced concrete walls with openings using digital image correlation

Several measuring techniques based on digital image correlation (DIC) are nowadays used in many fields. DIC measurements can facilitate documentation of crack patterns on specimens subject to loading, valuable information, which would otherwise be hard to obtain, especially in the case of reinforced concrete elements. This can not only give a better insight into the failure mechanism of the element, but also evaluate cracking as measure of serviceability.

This article discusses existing serviceability limits and failure modes of reinforced concrete walls in buildings in light of results obtained using DIC on two half-scale reinforced concrete walls with openings tested to failure. Results suggest that cracks induced by a load level equivalent to 70% of ultimate load bearing capacity, do not exceed limits indicated in relevant guidelines.

The failure mode of two way walls with openings was found to be similar to that of two way slabs also with openings, however differences were identified in the development of the failure mechanism. Finally, two strengthening strategies of reinforced concrete walls are discussed.