Understanding BIM – What does it mean and what can it be used for

BIM, or Building Information Modelling, is all the rage these days. But even spelling out the acro- nym does not necessarily lead to an understanding of the term. In many cases, the lack of expert knowledge surrounding BIM can create the impression that it is just an extension of CAD.

BIM is a planning and design method for the construction sector where information from various sources active in the design and building process is collected in one centralised model – or data- base. Data that may become relevant during the service life of the structure can also be included. The method can be applied to varying degrees. Phrases like ‘little BIM’ and ‘big BIM’ exist but which need further explanation. Using this method requires additional tasks which require de- scription. Applying BIM requires changes in the design processes and especially more discipline in how projects are organized. The actual advantages of the BIM method, however, can only be ex- plained using examples taken from practice.

This paper explains the terminologies used in BIM in order to provide an idea how this method can change the whole construction industry. It shows how a design process can be made BIM compat- ible and its step-by-step implementation. Finally, applications are discussed which illustrate the advantages of this method and which explain to the reader which added value can be created in the entire supply chain of designing, erecting, maintaining and managing by using the BIM meth- od.