Seismic and sealant behaviour of segmental joint gaskets in shallow immersed tunnel

Joint gaskets of the immersed tunnel are critical for the seismic safety of the immersed tunnel. In this study, a rigorous numerical model of rubber gaskets is conducted and validated against experimental results. Then, the model is used to estimate the mechanical and water tightness behaviour of three types of gaskets. Finally, a coupled nonlinear soil-structure interaction beam-mass-spring model is developed. The joints are simulated with the nonlinear hyperelastic elements following obtained load-deformation of three gaskets. The hydrostatic installation is modeled properly, then the seismic excitation is fired on bedrock. Finally, the results are discussed in the aspects of joint deformation and water tightness during the seismic loading.