Regulation of Contact Interactions to Increase the Water Resistance of Air Binders

Composites based on mineral binders are highly concentrated polydisperse systems. These systems consist of a dispersed phase in the form of particles of filler and binder, hydration products, as well as a dispersion medium in the form of a porous electrolyte (mixing water). The properties of such systems are determined by the action of forces that manifest themselves in interfacial interactions and act within each phase between atoms, ions, or molecules. To increase the strength and water resistance of materials, it is necessary to ensure the formation of contacts in which electrostatic attraction with the maximum interaction energy is realized. A significant role is played by the electric charges and potentials of the surface of the particles of the components of the structure. The introduction of chemical additives provides the synthesis of additional crystalline hydrates with certain surface properties, which contributes to an increase in the number of electroheterogeneous contacts in the system. The introduction of polydisperse mineral fillers, taking into account their surface charges, ensures the formation of a dense structure of a composite material with a large number of electroheterogeneous contacts. Based on the research results, composite materials based on mineral binders of various functional purposes with specified physical‐mechanical, hydrophysical, electrophysical properties have been developed. The use of these materials made it possible to increase the reliability and durability of building structures.