Ontology for a Knowledge-Based Deconstruction of Buildings Based on BIM Models and Linked Data Principles

The deconstruction of a building marks the end of its life cycle. At the same time, this phase offers many opportunities for the acquisition and reuse of used building materials. During the deconstruction phase, planning and execution are carried out using a variety of different software applications. Despite the use of digital 3D models according to the Building Information Modeling (BIM) method, there is no interoperability along the value chain in the deconstruction of a building. To counteract the lack of interoperability in the deconstruction phase of buildings, the article develops an ontology for the formalization of knowledge within the deconstruction phase and the usability of heterogeneous data sets in connection with the 3D BIM model. After assessing the status quo on the topic of BIM in deconstruction and ontologies in building construction, the systematic development of the deconstruction ontology (DCO) and its validation on a demonstrator is conducted. The result is the presentation of the basic usability of ontologies in conjunction with graphical databases and digital 3D models in the deconstruction phase. This ensures interoperability along the value chain and counteracts data loss.

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