A Morphology Filter-Assisted Extreme-Point Symmetric Mode Decomposition (MF-ESMD) Denoising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Based on Ground-Based Microwave Interferometry

Bridge dynamic deflection is an important indicator of structure safety detection. Ground-based microwave interferometry is widely used in bridge dynamic deflection monitoring because it has the advantages of noncontact measurement and high precision. However, due to the influences of various factors, there are many noises in the obtained dynamic deflection of bridges obtained by ground-based microwave interferometry. To reduce the impacts of noise for bridge dynamic deflection obtained with ground-based microwave interferometry, this paper proposes a morphology filter-assisted extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (MF-ESMD) for the signal denoising of bridge dynamic deflection obtained by ground-based microwave interferometry. First, the original bridge dynamic deflection obtained with ground-based microwave interferometry was decomposed to obtain a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with the ESMD method. Second, the noise-dominant IMFs were removed according to Spearman’s rho algorithm, and the other decomposed IMFs were reconstructed as a new signal. Finally, the residual noises in the reconstructed signal were further eliminated using the morphological filter method. The results of both the simulated and on-site experiments showed that the proposed MF-ESMD method had a powerful signal denoising ability.

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