Anchor Shear Strength Damage under Varying Sand Content, Freeze−Thaw Cycles, and Axial Pressure Conditions

Sandy soil in the north of Hebei region of China is widely distributed, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the phenomenon of freezing and thawing is obvious, and the soil body before and after the freezing and thawing cycle of sandy soil slopes is affected by the changes. This paper takes the stability of a sandy soil anchorage interface under a freeze–thaw cycle as the research background and, based on the self-developed anchor−soil interface shear device, analyses the influence of changing sand rate, confining pressure, and the number of freeze–thaw cycles on the shear characteristics of an anchor−soil interface in anchorage specimens. The research findings indicate that, at 50%–60% sand contents, the shear strength increases with a higher sand content and is positively correlated with confining pressure within a higher range. A higher sand content stabilises the anchoring body, but an excessively high sand content can lead to failure. Increasing the sand content, confining pressure, and freeze‒thaw cycle number all result in a reduction in the shear displacement at the peak strength. After 11 freeze‒thaw cycles, the shear strength of the anchoring body stabilises, with a reduction in strength of approximately 32%, and a higher sand content effectively reduces the reduction in strength.

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