Study on Application of Transparent Soil in Migration of Heavy Metal Pollutants in Porous Media

Clarifying the migration law of heavy metal pollutants in soil is the key prerequisite for its treatment. Because most heavy metal pollutants possess color-rendering properties, it is theoretically feasible to use synthesized transparent soil to simulate the migration and diffusion of heavy pollutants in soil. In order to assess the feasibility of employing transparent soil for investigating heavy metal migration (singly and multiply) in porous media, the fluctuation rates and concentration distribution of pollutants were measured from both vertical and horizontal perspectives. Simultaneously, the effects of temperature, dry density, and initial concentration on heavy metal migration were investigated simultaneously, while analyzing changes in heavy metal occurrence forms during the migration process. The study shows that transparent soil accurately simulated heavy metal migration with a deviation of less than 10% compared to sandy soil. The migration of Cu(II) in a single heavy metal migration test was greatly affected by three factors. Among them, both Cu(II) and Cr(VI) are similarly affected by the initial concentration, and favorable migration occurs at an initial concentration of 1000 mg/kg. The heat source temperature and initial concentration significantly impact the migration of single Cr(VI) and composite heavy metals. Under the influence of heat source temperature, the increase in heavy metal migration rate is associated with an increase in the proportion of exchangeable (EXC) and carbonate-bound (Carb). Studying the interaction mechanism between these factors is crucial for accurately predicting the transport behavior of heavy metal pollutants in porous media and providing a scientific basis for environmental protection and treatment.

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