State-of-the-art review on the time-dependent behaviour of composite steel-concrete columns

This chapter presents a state-of-the-art review of the time-dependent behaviour of composite columns. The first part of the chapter outlines the available typologies and advantages of composite columns. This is followed by an overview of the time-dependent response of concrete (specific to composite columns) and an introduction to concrete confinement. The main part of the chapter is devoted to the state-of-the-art review on how concrete time effects influence the long-term and ultimate behaviour of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns, and on the combined effects produced by sustained loading and chloride corrosion on CFST columns. The review then deals with the long-term behaviour of concrete-filled double skin tube (CFDST) and encased composite columns. The final parts of the chapter provide a review of the time-dependent differential axial shortening (DAS) in vertical components of multi-storey buildings and on the long-term response of arch bridges.