Thermomodernization of a Residential Building to NZEB Level

Directive (EU) 2018/844 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency introduces a zero-energy building standard, for which the energy balance per year is zero, i.e. the amount of energy obtained from renewable sources is equal to the annual demand. Each Member State shall establish a long-term renovation strategy to support the renovation of the national stock of residential and non-residential buildings, both public and private, into a highly energy efficient and decarbonised building stock by 2050, facilitating the cost-effective transformation of existing buildings into nearly zero-energy buildings. To achieve energy consumption at an appropriately low level in an existing building, you must adjust the heat transfer coefficients of the building envelope and the demand for primary energy to the requirements of the Technical Conditions for year 2021. Renewable energy sources, primarily from the sun, will also play a key role. A computational example of a single-family building shows which partitions are best modernized, what thickness of thermal insulation materials should be used to properly reduce heat transfer coefficients, and which installation systems to use to reduce the potential energy index (EP). It is also depicted as to how much the demand for usable energy in the building will decrease. This article aims to show residents of single-family buildings what steps should be taken to reduce energy consumption and thus - operating costs in an existing building to a minimum.