Temperature Development and Heat Control Analysis In Palu Bridge Pile Cap And Pillar

Aim

The research aims to evaluate the efficiency of multi-stage pouring and internal cooling water circulation in mitigating thermal cracking in the Palu Bridge's pile cap and pillar. Using 3D finite element analysis (FEA), it assesses compliance with ACI 301 standards and provides practical guidance for optimizing mass concrete construction based on time and budget constraints.

Background

Mass concrete structures, like the pile cap and pillar of the Palu Bridge, face significant risks of thermal cracking due to the heat of cement hydration. Such thermal stress compromises structural integrity, necessitating effective temperature management strategies.

Objective

This study aims to analyze and compare the efficiency of two temperature control methods—multi-stage concrete pouring and internal cooling water circulation—in maintaining temperature levels within ACI 301 standards during the construction of the Palu Bridge pile cap and pillar.

Methods

A 3D finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to simulate temperature profiles during concrete hydration. Simulations were validated using a small-scale physical model, and scenarios incorporating staged pouring and cooling pipes were evaluated for compliance with industry temperature thresholds.

Results

The staged pouring method resulted in a maximum core temperature of 68.81°C and a differential temperature of 20.93°C while cooling pipes reduced the maximum temperature to 58.69°C with a differential of 13.16°C. Both approaches kept temperature levels below ACI 301 standards, ensuring structural integrity. The physical model closely mirrored the FEA results, validating the methodology.

Conclusion

Both temperature control strategies effectively mitigate thermal cracking risks. Staged pouring is cost-efficient but time-intensive, whereas cooling pipes offer faster construction at a higher cost. The selection of methods should consider project budget and timeline constraints.