Material characterization of three liquid interlayers for laminated glass solutions

The demand for versatile and visually appealing glazed structures has been increasing in recent years. To meet contemporary architectural needs, a wider range of functionalities is required, including smart, bendable and thin laminated glazing. In particular, cold poured liquid optically clear adhesives (LOCA) are gaining prominence as interlayers for complex curved cold bending and smart integration, where conventional interlayer films impose limitations. Furthermore, new applications for cold bending of thin glass with LOCA for complex free-form geometries are currently under development. This paper presents the investigation of three LOCA for application as interlayers in laminated glass. Within a comprehensive experimental study, essential material properties were investigated. The research focuses on the viscoelastic, tensile, and creep properties of the LOCA. Additionally, the study considers how the materials age under radiation, high temperature and high moisture in accordance with the product standard for laminated glass. All results are summarized to provide a wide-ranging data base for dimensioning laminated glass made with LOCA. The investigations proof a wide-ranging suitability for laminated glass. The mechanical properties of the LOCA are comparable to conventional interlayer films. Two materials behave medium stiff to stiff and one is more flexible. All LOCA provide ductility which makes them suitable for laminated safety glass applications. High performances paired with the autoclave-free processing LOCA drives for new fields of applications for architectural glazings.