Intumescent coatings with improved properties for fireproofing of wooden building constructions

The paper overviews the mechanism of fire-retardant action of intumescent coatings in relation to wooden structures. A comparative assessment of fire-retardant performance of various intumescent compositions, their effectiveness in relation to wood and materials based on it, has been carried out. For this, tests were carried out using the «ceramic tube» method and tests in the cellulosic fire mode. As a result of tests, it was shown that glass microspheres, kaolin, and water-soluble sulfonated graphene are significantly effective functional additives in the intumescent composition. The mechanism of their influence on fire retardant efficiency is considered. It has been shown that compositions containing sulfonated graphene provide a delay in heating in the surface layer of wooden sample, whereas classical intumescent compositions more effectively provide a delay in heating in the depth of the sample. Almost all of the considered compositions demonstrated satisfactory performance when tested by the «ceramic tube» method, thus these compositions allow to make the wood hardly flammable and hardly combustible.