Experimental evaluation of daylighting performance and energy output of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel in Bandung, Indonesia

Building energy use contributes up to 40% of total global energy use and increases by 8-10% every five years, encouraging the development of technology-based renewable energy sources. Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) is a potentially relevant application of integrated PV in buildings which, it provides electricity cost savings, and increases the architectural attractiveness of a building. In contrast to conventional PV installations on building roofs, vertical PV installations are significantly influenced by the building orientation and the transparency of the PV. Study and analysis were conducted to implement BIPV windows in tropical climates using experimental measurement methods in energy output and indoor daylighting in four cardinal directions. This research was done by modelling a simple 2 × 2 × 1 m³ room with a PV solar window glazing made of Monocrystalline silicon 105Wp, placed on the roof of CADL Building, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, for four days. The measurement results indicate that South is the most recommended orientation for installing BIPV windows for tropical areas in Bandung with the performance indicators for energy output = 564 Wh, DA₃₀₀ = 100%, UDI_250-750 = 93%, UDI_100-3000 = 100%, and UDI_>3000 = 0%. In contrast, West and East orientations are not recommended because of the significant difference in energy output and illuminance in the morning and the afternoon.