Comparison of Physical and Numerical Model on Dam Break Flood Wave Propagation in Horizontal Channel

This paper presents experimental results and the development of a numerical model for simulating dam break flood wave propagation. Floods caused by dam breaks have special flow characteristics due to potential energy caused by upstream and downstream elevation differences, and very high flow rates, from the collapse of the dam wall. The physical model is built on a horizontal channel, with 10 meters length and 1-meter width. The reservoirs used are upstream and downstream. Channels used are made of steel materials with negligible friction. The building used is made from wood with a volume of 10x10x40 cm. Flood wave propagation is modelled as a flash flood due to the mass movement of water in large quantities with the sudden opening of water gates. As the initial conditions, the door will be closed. On the upstream of the door, given the initial conditions of water level. Physical models result is used as calibration of numerical models. The developed numeric model is open foam that produces 3D modeling. The result of the physical model and numerical model show the highest flow velocity and good agreement of the pattern of flow velocity profiles during the first 3 seconds. The comparison of the Numerical model and Physical Model indicates whether the numerical model is feasible for use in dam-break modeling. For better results, it is necessary to develop a further model. Solutions to this physical and numerical model can be part of the mitigation effort in case the disaster phenomenon occurs.