Schafwolle als alternativer Wärmedämmstoff und ihr hygrothermisches Verhalten

Sheep wool as alternative heat insulation and their hygrothermal behaviour.

The worldwide trend in recent years is utilization of natural materials. Insulation materials are a very important process element of design of building constructions, especially due to continuously increasing requirements on the energy efficiency of buildings and to protect the environment and the ecology. From point of view of the perspective of sustainable development, it is important to use easily renewable, creating from local sources and environmentally friendly raw materials, provided that the further processing is carried out with low energy consumption. This is consistent with the energy and climate package "20-20-20" which was adopted by the European Parliament and the European Council and established by law. One of the most suitable natural insulation materials, that are being asked more and more, is the sheep wool. As part of an interdisciplinary project between the Vienna University of Technology and the Brno University of Technology various simulations and measurements were carried out and the hygrothermal behavior of the sheep wool compared with the mineral wool. There building physics investigations regarding U-values using Excel program, hygrothermal simulations using HAM 3D and life cycle assessments have been performed. The calculations and measurements show that there are similar physical building performances in both variants. Due to the good sorption sheep wool shows even better hygric behavior. From an environmental point, the sheep wool is the natural more sufficient solution.